Everyone said the smell was horrific, but I smelt nothing. I was actually quite proud! I am the queasy type but I didn't feel disgusted or anything. You use mineral oil,, vegetable oil or olive oil. Get a q tip and soak it in the oil. Hold him so that you can see his side (on your lap). Open up the perineal sac. It is quite deep, deeper than you think! With two finger, I used my thumb and forfinger, open it up and with the q tip, very very slowly take out the gunk. If you do it everyweek you woun't find much, maybe some bedding and hay. I went in a round motion first, and then slowly start taking it out. Sounds gross, but its not and needs be done!